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C++ Tutorials

Created by Bjarne Stroustrup of AT&T Bell Labs as an extension of C, C++ is an object-oriented computer language used in the development of enterprise and commercial applications. Microsoft’s Visual C++ became the premier language of choice among developers and programmers.

As a procedural programming language, C++ uses program structures such as i/o (input/output), assignment statement, iterative statements, conditional statements and subprograms. Data structures of C++ include integer, real, char, arrays, structs and pointers.

Employment opportunities are numerous and well paid for C++ programmers and developers looking to work in the field of Software Engineering or as an IT Professional. Oftentimes, C++ Professionals will also be familiar with C, Linux, Unix, Java, .NET and VB (Visual Basic). Developers working with C++ can expect to participate in a variety of programming opportunities: developing systems for trading applications for an Investment Bank, developing cutting edge software applications for groundbreaking new technologies (Smartphone, PDA, etc.) to creating applications for 3-D Imaging Software or spectroscopic systems.

C++ Tutorials available in this section include explanations for simple to more advanced concepts of C++ in detail with sample coding information. A new programmer or developer interested in learning about C++ programming language and finding out why C++ is one of the most widely used programming languages for creating large-scale applications can utilize the tutorials and articles on C++ made available in this section.

Out of Class...

For this week, we didn't tackle any any lesson since I and my co-contestants in Intel-Philippines are busy with our research entries...But according to my classmates we we're still in iterative statements..

Research:

Iteration may be performed over an arithmetic progression of integers or over any finite enumerated structure. Iterative statements may be nested. If nested iterations occur over the same enumerated structure, abbreviations such as for x, y in X do may be used; the leftmost identifier will correspond to the outermost loop, etc.

do-while

The do-while statement is a post-test loop, meaning that the evaluation of the escape condition is only done after the code inside the loop has been executed. This means that the body of the loop is always executed at least once before the expression is evaluated.

while

The while statement is a pretest loop. This means the evaluation of the escape condition is done before the code inside the loop has been executed. Because of this, it is possible that the body of the loop is never executed.

for

The for statement is also a pretest loop with the added capabilities of variable initialization before entering the loop and defining postloop code to be entered.

for-in

The for-in statement is a strict iterative statement. It is used to enumerate the properties of an object.

learnings of the week

In last week’s discussion, we tackled about the iterative statements or commonly known as loops. This allows a set of instruction to be executed or performed several until conditions are met. It can be predefined as in the loop, or open ended as in while and do-while.


There are three types of Iterative Statements
1. The For statements
2. The While statements
3. The Do-While statements


The For statements

The For statement or for loop is considered as a predefined loop because the number or times it iterates to perform its body is predetermined in the loop’s definition. The For loop contains a counter whose values determine the number of times the loop iterates. The iteration stops upon reaching the number of times specified in the loop.

The general form of the for statement is:
for (initialization; condition; increment)
{
statement_sequence;
}

Where:
for is a reserve word in C Initialization is an assignment statement that is used to set the loop’s counter.
Condition is a relational boolean expression that determines when the loop will exit.
Increment defines how the loop’s counter will change each time the loop is separated.
Statement sequence may either be a single C statement or a block of C statements that make up the loop body.



The While statement

The while statement or while loop is an open-ended or event-controlled loop. The while loop iterates while the condition is TRUE (1). When it becomes FALSE (0), the program control passes to the line after the loop code.

The general form of the while statement is:

while (condition)
{
statement_sequence;
}


The Do-While statement

The second type of open-ended or event-controlled loop is the do-while statement or do-while loop.

The general form of the do-while statement is:

do
{
statement_sequence;
} while (condition);

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